油罐车拉完煤制油直接装运食用油，这件事闹得沸沸扬扬，引发了民众对食品安全问题的担忧。我们看一下路透社的报道：
01
原文
China state media slams Sinograin over alleged use of fuel tankers to transport cooking oil
The Beijing News last week reported it was an “open secret” in the transportation industry that Sinograin was using tankers to transport both fuel and food products like cooking oil, soybean oil and syrup, without cleaning the tankers in between.
The report sparked an uproar on social media over worries of food contamination.
Chinese consumers have been increasingly sensitive over food safety, with consumers turning to foreign brands and Beijing stepping up controls, after a series of scandals, including the sale of baby formula containing lethal amounts of the industrial chemical melamine in 2008.
02
精读
China state media slams Sinograin over alleged use of fuel tankers to transport cooking oil
中国国家媒体抨击中储粮涉嫌使用油罐车运输食用油
Slam 在这里表示“猛烈抨击、严厉批评”。这个词源自“slam” 的原意“砰地关上门或窗”，引申为一种强烈而突然的动作或言辞。同义替换有：
1）Criticize harshly
The regime has been harshly criticized for serious human rights violations.
该政府因为严重侵犯人权而受到强烈指责。
2）Condemn
Politicians were quick to condemn the bombing.
政治家们立即对爆炸事件进行了谴责。
3）Denounce
German leaders denounced the attacks and pleaded for tolerance...
德国领导人谴责袭击活动，恳请各方克制。
4）Rebuke
The company was publicly rebuked for having neglected safety procedures.
公司因忽略了安全措施而受到公开批评。
5）Reprimand
The officers were severely reprimanded for their unprofessional behaviour.
军官们因违反专业操守而受到了严厉的斥责。
6）Attack
a newspaper article attacking the England football manager
报纸上的一篇抨击英格兰足球队经理的文章
7）Berate
Marion berated Joe for the noise he made.
玛丽昂严厉斥责乔吵吵闹闹。
Sinograin 指中国储备粮管理集团有限公司（China Grain Reserves Group Ltd. Company），负责管理国家的粮食储备。
前缀“sino-” 指“中国的”或“与中国有关的”，比如“中石化”英文名称是 Sinopec。
再看几个例子：
Sinology: 中国学（研究中国历史、语言、文化等的学科）
Sino-American relations: 中美关系
Sinophile: 亲华者（对中国文化或中国有强烈兴趣或好感的人）
这里的“运输”用的是 transport 一词，而《商业内幕》（Business Insider）的报道用的是 ferry 和 deliver：
China is freaking out over an 'open secret' that its cooking oil was ferried for years in chemical tanks that weren't cleaned
多年来用未清洗的化学罐运输食用油已成为“公开的秘密”，举国震惊。
State media found tank trucks were delivering chemicals and edible oil interchangeably without cleaning.
官媒发现，油罐车在运送化学品和食用油时，没有进行清洗，互相交替使用。
transport、ferry、deliver，同义替换积累下来。
The Beijing News last week reported it was an “open secret” in the transportation industry that Sinograin was using tankers to transport both fuel and food products like cooking oil, soybean oil and syrup, without cleaning the tankers in between.
《新京报》上周报道，在运输行业内，中储粮使用油罐车同时运输燃料和食用油、大豆油、糖浆等食品，而且没有对油罐车进行清洗，这种情况已成为“公开的秘密”。
In between 意思是“在中间的间隔里、在两者之间”，它通常用来表示两个事件、时间点或地点之间的间隔。例如：
1）时间之间：
I have a meeting at 10 AM and another at 2 PM, so I have some free time in between.
我上午10点有个会议，下午2点还有一个，所以中间有些空闲时间。
2）事件之间：
She took a break in between her classes to grab a coffee.
她在课程之间的休息时间去喝了杯咖啡。
3）地点之间：
There is a small park in between the two buildings.
两栋楼之间有一个小公园。
4）任务/活动之间：
We have to finish the report by Friday, and in between, we need to prepare for the presentation.
我们必须在星期五之前完成报告，中间还需要准备演讲。
文中 without cleaning the tankers in between 意思是：两者之间没有对油罐车进行清洗。也可以说：
1）without cleaning the tankers prior to switching loads 没有在换装货物之前清洗油罐车
2）without cleaning the tankers between transports 没有在每次运输之间清洗油罐车
The report sparked an uproar on social media over worries of food contamination.
该报道在社交媒体上引发了轩然大波，人们对食品污染问题表示担忧。
Spark an uproar 意思是“引发轩然大波”或“引起强烈反应”。这里的 “spark” 是“引发”的意思，而 “uproar” 表示“喧嚣”、“骚动”或“强烈抗议”。同义说法还有：
Trigger an outcry 引发强烈抗议
Cause a commotion 引起骚动
Ignite a backlash 引发强烈反对
Set off a furor 引起轰动
Generate a public outcry 引发公众强烈抗议
Provoke a storm 引发风暴
《商业内幕》（Business Insider）网站用的是 ignite backlash：
The report has ignited a backlash and calls for investigations from the Chinese public this week.
本周，该报道引发了中国公民的强烈反响以及要求调查的呼声。
Chinese consumers have been increasingly sensitive over food safety, with consumers turning to foreign brands and Beijing stepping up controls, after a series of scandals, including the sale of baby formula containing lethal amounts of the industrial chemical melamine in 2008.
近年来，中国消费者对食品安全问题愈加敏感。在2008年婴幼儿奶粉中含有致命剂量的工业化学品三聚氰胺等一系列丑闻曝光后，消费者纷纷转向外国品牌，北京也加强了相关监管。
Increasingly 表示“愈加、越来越”，相当于 more and more.
Turn to 在这里意思是“转向”或“求助于”，它表示人们在面对某种情况时，选择另一种方式或帮助。
看一下它的使用语境：
1）求助或依赖某人/某物：
When faced with difficulties, she always turns to her parents for advice.
面对困难时，她总是向父母求助。
Many people turn to religion for comfort during tough times.
许多人在艰难时期求助于宗教以寻求安慰。
2）选择另一种替代品：
After the local store closed, customers turned to online shopping.
当地商店关闭后，顾客转向网上购物。
Disappointed with domestic options, they turned to foreign products.
对国内产品失望后，他们转向外国产品。
3）变成某种状态：
The weather turned to rain in the afternoon.
下午天气转为下雨。
After losing his job, he turned to alcohol.
失业后，他开始酗酒。
Step up controls 表示“加强控制”或“加大监管力度”。“Step up” 意思是“提升”或“增加”。除了用 step up，我们还可以用 increase、tighten、enhance、strengthen、intensify 等词替换。
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